Ukuchuma kwabantwana
Izinsuku eziyinkulungwane zokuqala zempilo yengane, kusukela ekukhulelweni kuye eminyakeni emibili ubudala, yisikhathi esibucayi esibucayi sokukhula okusheshayo noshintsho. Leli windi lokukhula libeka isisekelo sokuthi ingane ifinyelele ebangeni layo.
Ukuthuthuka okuhle kuncike ekutholakaleni kwezindawo ezisekelayo nezikhulisayo kanye nobudlelwano bekhwalithi ezinyangeni zokuqala naseminyakeni yokuphila kwengane.
Kwenzekani kulesi sigaba?
Ukukhula kwengqondo okusheshayo:
Lesi sigaba sibona ubuchopho buthuthuka ngesivinini esingasoze saphindwa. Ama-Neuron axhuma ngesilinganiso sezikhathi eziyisigidi ngomzuzwana ama-700-1000 amahlandla ngomzuzwana *. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zobuchopho ukuze sikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ebanzi yosuku nosuku njengokuveza imizwa yethu, ukucabanga, ukusebenzisa umqondo, ukukhuluma ulimi, ukubona ubuso nokunye. Lapho ubuchopho buhlanganiswe futhi buxhunywe kabanzi, kuningi lapho ubuchopho buzokwakhela khona ukufunda okusha.
Usuku lonke, nsuku zonke, ubuchopho bengane buthuthukiswa ukumunca okwenzekayo eduze kwayo, kugxile wonke amandla ayo ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwayo. Lezi yizisekelo zawo wonke umuntu ukuthi acabange, azizwe, anyakaze futhi afunde.
Kukhuthazwa amakhono omphakathi
Izingxenye zobuchopho ezisiza ukukhuthaza amakhono omphakathi zikhula ngokushesha kulesi sigaba. Izingane zifuna ukunakwa nokuxhumana komzali wazo – ngokukhala, ukuhleka, ukumamatheka nokubabaza. Lapho abanakekeli behlanganyela ngendlela ephendulayo, yokusekela ngokomzwelo, kukhuthaza ukukhula kwengane. Futhi kwakha ukunamathela okunempilo futhi izingane zifunde ukwakha ubudlelwano obunokwethenjelwa, isidingo esiyisisekelo sekhono lomphakathi kamuva empilweni. Lezi zimodeli zobudlelwano bokuqala kamuva nobudlelwano bontanga nobabantu abadala, okwenza lokhu kube yindawo ebucayi yokukhula kwengane encane
Ukuthuthukiswa kolimi
Izingane zidinga indawo enothe ngolimi lapho zizokuzwa khona amagama amaningi ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuxhumana kwe-neural kolimi. Kulula ukucabanga ukuthi ukukhula kolimi kwenzeka kamuva, kepha inani eliphakeme lokukhula kobuchopho kwaleli khono cishe linezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Ukutshalwa kwemali okulula ekukhulumeni, ekuculeni, nasekufundeleni ingane yakho kuyinika umfutho omkhulu lapho ifunda ukufunda esikoleni.
zindlela zihleliwe
Ngalesi sikhathi esiphawulekayo sokukhula kobuchopho, indlela, noma umkhondo, wokukhula komuntu uyasungulwa. Ubuchopho buqhubeka nokukhula futhi bukhule ngemuva kwalesi sigaba sempilo. Lokhu kwaziwa njengeplastiki yobuchopho – ikhono lobuchopho lokufunda kokuhlangenwe nakho nokushintsha, lenze izindlela ezintsha ze-neural. Umehluko ngukuthi: kudinga umsebenzi omningi ukuletha lolo shintsho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ubuchopho bethu beplastiki abusoze bube bufana neminyaka yokuqala yempilo yengane
Yini edingekayo ethubeni elikhulu lokubekwa kwalesi sisekelo?
Siyazi kochwepheshe ukuthi zonke izingane, yonke indawo, kusukela ekukhulelweni kuya eminyakeni emibili nangaphezulu zidinga lezi zakhi zokwakha ezilandelayo:
- Impilo enhle
- Ukudla okwanele
- Ukuvikelwa ekulimaleni
- Amathuba okufunda kusenesikhathi (ukukhuthaza)
- Ukunakekelwa okuphendulayo (uthando)
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Umnakekeli oyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngamabhulokhi wokwakha angenhla ekuxhumaneni ngothando, ukuphendula imikhondo yengane nokusekela ngokomzwelo.
Zonke izingane, yonke indawo, zidinga ukubanjelwa ekukhuliseni, ekunakekeleni, ebudlelwaneni bothando nomnakekeli ophendulayo onjengomama, ubaba, ugogo noma umalumekazi. Lesi yisisekelo sayo yonke eminye imibono ingane edinga ukuthi ikhule futhi ichume.
Ingqondo yengane ilindele futhi incike kulokhu kunakekelwa okusabelayo kokukhula okunempilo futhi umndeni uphakathi kwalokhu kuhlinzekwa.
Kuthiwani uma ingane ingatholi izakhiwo zokwakha ebudlelwaneni obuphendulayo, nokunakekelwa?
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi izingane ezingama-50% eNingizimu Afrika ngeke zikuthole ezikudingayo ezinsukwini eziyizinkulungwane zokuqala zokuphila ukuze zifinyelele ngokugcwele, ezinikezwe nguNkulunkulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinganeni ezimbili ezizalwa eNingizimu Afrika, ubuchopho bengane eyodwa bufakwe intambo yokufunda, ukukhula nokuphumelela kanti enye izoba nentambo ezokwenza lokho kufunda nokukhula kube ngumzabalazo, okuholele ekusindeni, kungachumi.
Wonke umzali ufuna ingane yakhe iphumelele. Kodwa-ke kunezici nezimo eziningana ezinomthelela omubi emandleni nasekungaguquguquki kwabazali ekunikezeni lezi zakhi zokwakha: ubumpofu, izifo, ingcindezi, ukuvezwa kodlame, ubungozi bengqondo kanye nokuphazamisa ukunakekelwa.
Naka ekuqaleni
“Uma unaka ukuqala kwendaba, ungayishintsha yonke indaba”. Izici ezithile zizokhuthaza ukukhula kwengqondo okunempilo kanti ezinye zizokudicilela phansi futhi zikwenze kungabi namandla. Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi siyazi ukuthi yini esekela futhi ikhuthaze ukukhula kwengqondo okunempilo, nezinto ezivikelayo eziphikisa futhi zinciphise ezinye zezingozi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingane ezizalelwa ebunzimeni zisengachuma. Kuningi esingakwenza ukusiza iNingizimu Afrika ukuthi ifinyelele emandleni ayo aphelele. Iqala kancane, iqala intsha, futhi iqala ngawe nami.
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Lindland E, Richter L, Tomlinson M, Mkwanazi N, Watt K. Early Means Early: Mapping the Gaps Between Experts, Stakeholder, and Public Understanding of Early Childhood Development in South Africa. A Frameworks Research Report. Washington, DC: FrameWorks Institute; 2016.